What is Anal Canal Cancer?

Description of the Disease

Anal canal cancer is a malignant disease that develops in the tissues of the anal canal. It can be asymptomatic in the early stages, which makes early diagnosis difficult.

Classification

• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Adenocarcinoma
• Melanoma

Symptoms

• Bleeding from the rectum
• Pain and discomfort
• Unexplained weight loss

Causes

The main causes of anal canal cancer are human papillomavirus (HPV) and smoking.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis includes examination by a specialist, colonoscopy, biopsy, and diagnostic tests.

Treatment

Treatment may include surgical removal of the tumor, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Prevention

Prevention includes HPV vaccination, avoiding smoking, and regular medical check-ups.

Physician

Treatment for anal canal cancer is carried out by an oncology surgeon or an oncology hematologist.