What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Description of the disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by chronic inflammation and obstruction of the airways. It is usually caused by prolonged exposure to various harmful substances, such as tobacco smoke, polluted air, and chemical fumes.

Classification

• Chronic bronchitis
• Emphysema

Symptoms

• Cough with mucus
• Shortness of breath
• Frequent respiratory infections

Causes

The main causes of COPD are smoking, occupational exposure (harmful chemicals, dust), and genetic predisposition.

Diagnosis

Clinical examinations, spirometry, chest X-rays, and computed tomography of the lungs are used for the diagnosis of COPD.

Treatment

Treatment of COPD includes the use of bronchodilators, glucocorticoids, rehabilitation measures, and, in severe cases, oxygen therapy or surgical intervention.

Prevention

The main preventive measures for COPD are quitting smoking, avoiding harmful substances, ventilating rooms, and strengthening the immune system.

Doctor

COPD treatment is carried out by a pulmonologist.